What epithelial tissue is found in the liver?
The liver contains two types of epithelial cells, namely, hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. They split from hepatoblasts (embryonic liver stem cells) in mid-gestation and differentiate into structurally and functionally mature cells.
What are cholangiocytes?
Cholangiocytes are a heterogeneous, highly dynamic population of epithelial cells that line a three-dimensional network of bile ducts known as the biliary tree. Their major physiologic function lies in modification of hepatic canalicular (i.e., primary) bile as it is transported along the biliary tree.
Is liver glandular epithelium?
Secretion: Epithelial tissue in your glands (glandular epithelium) can secrete (release) enzymes, hormones and fluids. Absorption: The epithelial lining of your internal organs, such as your liver and lungs, can allow the absorption of certain substances.
What is apical and basolateral?
In the context of renal tubule physiology, the term basolateral membrane or serosal membrane refers to the cell membrane which is oriented away from the lumen of the tubule, whereas the term luminal membrane or apical membrane refers to the cell membrane which is oriented towards the lumen.
What is apical membrane?
The apical plasma membrane is defined as the region of the plasma membrane located. at the apex of the epithelial cell that is separated, in vertebrates, from the basal-lateral. region by a ring of tight junctions.
What are canals of Hering?
The canals of Hering, or intrahepatic bile ductules, are part of the outflow system of exocrine bile product from the liver. Liver stem cells are located in the canals of Hering.
Which type of bilirubin causes jaundice?
Normal levels of bilirubin in blood are below 1.0 mg/dl (17 μmol/L), while levels over 2–3 mg/dl (34-51 μmol/L) typically result in jaundice. High blood bilirubin is divided into two types – unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin. Causes of jaundice vary from relatively benign to potentially fatal.
What are Kupffer cells?
Kupffer cells are resident liver macrophages and play a critical role in maintaining liver functions. Under physiological conditions, they are the first innate immune cells and protect the liver from bacterial infections.
What is apical surface?
The surface of an epithelial cell that faces the lumen.
What is apical and basal surface?
The bottom edge of the epithelial tissue next to the basement membrane is the basal surface. In contrast, the edge of the epithelial tissue facing the lumen or the external environment is called the apical surface.
What is the apical side of the liver?
The liver cell is polarized and has an apical side, containing the biliary canaliculus, and a basolateral domain, which abuts the sinusoids. The sinusoids are lined by fenestrated endothelial cells and phagocytic Kupffer cells.
What are the anatomic facts of the liver?
Cranially its superior surface is in contact with the diaphragm. From the clinical point of view these anatomic facts are important for the following reasons: The liver can be localized by percussion through the chest wall. In contrast to the resonant sound of the percussed lung, over the liver the percussion produces a dull sound.
What is the apical side of the gallbladder filled with?
The apical side of the cells is filled with zymogen granules that contain a variety of digestive enzymes. Intercalate ducts are also visible. The cells which line the ducts secrete bicarbonate in response to secretin that is produced in the duodenum.
Why is the superior surface of the liver important to anatomy?
Cranially its superior surface is in contact with the diaphragm. From the clinical point of view these anatomic facts are important for the following reasons: The liver can be localized by percussion through the chest wall.