What are the 4 forces of a helicopter?
There are four forces acting on a helicopter in flight. They are lift, weight, thrust, and drag. See figure 2-1. Lift is the upward force created by the effect of airflow as it passes around an airfoil.
What is the principle of helicopter flying?
Wings create lift because of a relationship called the Bernoulli Principle. The Bernoulli Principle describes how the speed of air and the pressure in the air are related. When the speed goes up, the pressure goes down and the opposite is also true. Wings are curved on top and flatter on the bottom.
What is helicopter parasite power?
As it pertains to helicopters, it is the power required to overcome the drag of the fuselage when the helicopter is in straight and level flight. The value of parasite power is zero when the helicopter is in the still-air hover, and its value increases as the speed increases.
How a helicopter moves forward?
The swash plates tilt forward at an amount equal to the input. The rotor blades are pitched lower in the front of the rotor assembly than behind it. This increases the angle of attack — and creates lift — at the back of the helicopter. The unbalanced lift causes the helicopter to tip forward and move in that direction.
How does a helicopter increase speed?
In Summary. To reach the desired speed: From a straight and level flight, push forward the collective slowly and smoothly → The speed increases. As the cyclic is pushed forward, the altitude decreases → Raise up the collective.
How do helicopters accelerate?
When the pilot moves the cyclic forward to pitch the nose down and accelerate forward, the helicopter responds by decreasing collective pitch on the front rotor and increases collective pitch on the rear rotor proportionally, pivoting the two ends around their common center of mass.
What is pitch angle in helicopter?
operation of helicopters propeller, the rotor has a pitch angle, which is the angle between the horizontal plane of rotation of the rotor disc and the chord line of the airfoil. The pilot uses the collective and cyclic pitch control (see below) to vary this pitch angle.
How lift is generated in helicopter?
For a helicopter, a lift is generated by the way the main rotor blades are formed so the air is pushed in a downward movement when the blades spin. As the air pressure changes, the helicopter lifts up.
What controls a helicopter speed?
Helicopter rotors are designed to operate at a specific rotational speed. The throttle controls the power of the engine, which is connected to the rotor by a transmission. The throttle setting must maintain enough engine power to keep the rotor speed within the limits where the rotor produces enough lift for flight.
How helicopters fly turn and move forward?
How do helicopters change direction?
Why are helicopter blades symmetrical?
Symmetrical blades are very stable, which helps keep blade twisting and flight control loads to a minimum. This stability is achieved by keeping the center of pressure virtually unchanged as the angle of attack changes.
What are the three main controls of a helicopter?
There are three major controls in a helicopter that the pilot must use during flight. They are the collective pitch control, the cyclic pitch control, and the antitorque pedals or tail rotor control.
What is the inside of a helicopter called?
Cockpit
Cockpit. The cockpit of a helicopter is the central control unit, determining all activity of the helicopter.