What is meant by flank wear?
Flank wear, [mm], is caused by friction between the flank face of the tool and the machined workpiece surface and leads to loss of the cutting edge. Hence, flank wear affects the dimensional accuracy and surface finish quality. In practice, flank wear is generally used as the tool wear criterion.
What is the maximum limiting value of flank wear?
Despite the cutting tool used, a gradual increase in flank wear (VB) with high impacts on initial wear was noticed in machining Ti-MMCs (Figure 6). According to Figures 5 and 6, after 60 s of turning operation, insert 2 (TS2000) had reached the maximum allowable flank wear limit (300 microns).
What is flank wear width?
The width of the flank wear land VBB is measured within region B in the cutting edge plane Ps perpendicular to the major cutting edge. The width of the flank wear land is measured from the position of the original major cutting edge.
What does flank wear and crater wear mean?
Crater wear occurs approximately at a height equalling the cutting depth of the material. Crater wear depth (t0) = cutting depth. Notch wear which happens on both the insert rake and flank face along the depth of cut line causing localised damage to it primarily due to pressure welding of the chips.
How do I stop my crater from wearing?
Crater wear also occurs when the insert is too soft for the heat generated in the cut. Increasing the hardness of the insert will reduce or eliminate cratering. Reducing cutting speed and then the feed will help reduce this type of wear.
What causes crater wear?
Crater wear happens on the tool face at a short distance from cutting edge by the action of chip flow over the face at very high temperature. The crater wear is mainly due to diffusion and abrasion. They are commonly observed where the continuous chip is formed (usually in the ductile material).
Why is flank wear used as the criteria of tool life studies?
Tool wear mainly occurs at the rake and flank face. Flank wear is caused by friction between the flank face of the cutting tool and the machined workpiece surface and leads to loss of the cutting edge. Therefore, flank wear affects the dimensional accuracy and surface finish quality of the product.
How do you stop crater wear?
- Reduce cutting speed.
- Use geometry with greater rake angle.
- Use more wear – resistant cutting tool material.
- Reduce feed rate.
- Increase coolant preesure and check coolant direction.
Why does flank wear happen?
Flank wear occurs due to: Abrasion by hard particles and inclusions in the work piece. Shearing off the micro welds between tool and work material. Abrasion by fragments of built‐up‐edge ploughing against the clearance face of the tool. At low speed flank wear predominates.
What are the remedies of rapid flank wear?
i) Flank wear can be prevented by reducing the cutting speed. ii) Reducing the feed and depth of cut. formation of built-up edge. iv) By using good quality of carbide in the cutting tool.
Why flank wear is preferably used as a tool failure criterion?
Flank wear of cutting tools is often selected as the tool life criterion because it determines the diametric accuracy of machining, its stability and reliability.
On which of the following surface flank wear occurs?
In the machining process, the wearing action takes place on those surfaces along which there is relative sliding with other surfaces. The wear over rake surface is known as crater wear and over flank surface is known as flank wear.
Where is Crater wear more dominant?
Crater wear occurs on the rake face. For the crater wear, the temperature is the main culprit and tool diffuse into the chip material and tool temperature is maximum at some distance from the tooltip.
Why does crater wear occur?
Crater wear originates from the abrasion of the microlevel abrasive particles broken from the tool and workpiece during chip formation in machining and friction by contact with the rake face (Sharma & Gupta, 2019), while flank wear occurs on the flank face due to the sliding effect between the cutting tool and the …
Where does flank wear occur?
1) Flank wear : occurs at the relief faces/due to rubbing of relief faces against machined surfaces/is predominant at low cutting speed.
What is difference between oblique and orthogonal cutting?
Orthogonal Vs Oblique Cutting Summary: The major difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting is that in orthogonal cutting, the cutting edge of the tool is perpendicular to the direction of motion. In oblique cutting the cutting edge makes an angle with the direction of motion.
Why is the oblique cutting tool more?
Oblique cutting is a type of cutting in which cutting tool is at an oblique angle to the direction of tool motion. In this cutting, the flow of chip is not perpendicular to cutting edge. The tool has greater cutting life as compared to orthogonal cutting.
Where is oblique cutting used?
Difference between Orthogonal and Oblique Cutting
| Orthogonal cutting | Oblique Cutting |
|---|---|
| Surface finish is poor. | Good surface finish obtained. |
| Used in grooving, parting, slotting, pipe cutting. | Used almost all industrial cutting, used in drilling, grinding, milling. |
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